Which electrolyte functions as an antioxidant in the aqueous humor?

Ascorbate, also known as vitamin C, serves as a crucial antioxidant in the aqueous humor of the eye. Its primary function is to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which can damage ocular tissues. The high concentration of ascorbate in the aqueous humor is particularly important for protecting the lens and cornea from oxidative damage, thereby playing a significant role in maintaining overall ocular health and preventing conditions such as cataracts.

While potassium ions, sodium ions, and chloride ions are essential for various physiological functions, including maintaining osmotic balance and contributing to electrical gradients across cell membranes, they do not possess antioxidant properties. Their primary roles are more focused on cellular function and fluid balance rather than on scavenging free radicals or mitigating oxidative damage, which is vital in the antioxidant defense mechanism where ascorbate excels.