Which layer of the cornea is capable of storing glycogen during severe hypoxia?

The epithelial layer of the cornea is responsible for storing glycogen during episodes of severe hypoxia. This phenomenon occurs because the corneal epithelium relies on anaerobic metabolism for energy when there is insufficient oxygen supply. Under hypoxic conditions, the cells of the epithelium increase their glycogen stores, which can then be rapidly converted to glucose and utilized for ATP production via anaerobic pathways. This adaptive mechanism is crucial for maintaining cell viability and function when oxygen levels are low.

In contrast, the other layers of the cornea do not serve the same function regarding glycogen storage. The endothelial layer primarily regulates corneal hydration and maintains transparency; it is not involved in glycogen storage. The stroma is mainly composed of collagen and does not store glycogen. Descemet's membrane, being a thin layer that lies beneath the endothelium, also does not participate in glycogen storage.